Detailed Exegesis

Tastaṭīʿ (“you are able”): From the verb pattern of istifʿāl and from the root “ṭ-w-ʿ” meaning ability and the existence of something that brings about an action and from which the act emanates. Among scholars, capability (istiṭāʿa) is a term for the means by which a person can realize their desire to create a possible action and become capable of what they want. It rests on four pillars:(162)

1. The specific power for the action.

2. The conception of the action.

3. The receptive material for accepting the effect.

4. The tools for actions that require instruments, like writing, where the writer needs these four things to write, and if any one of them is missing, they do not have the capability to write.

Inability (ʿajz) is the opposite of capability.(163)