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Introduction to Tafsir al-Tasnim

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The Qur’an: Revelation and Understanding

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The Story of Isa and Maryam

Questions and Answers

Part 1

Verse 3:35

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Perpetual Service to Religion

The Nature of Mary’s Mother’s Vow

The Acceptance of the Vow or the Object of the Vow

The Meaning of God Being All-hearing and All-knowing

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 3:36

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

What She Delivered

Direct or Inverse Simile

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 3:37

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Harmony of Verses

Special Acceptance and Growth

The Guardianship of Mary

The Requirements for the Proper Upbringing of Mary

Extraordinary Sustenance

The Meaning of Unlimited Sustenance

The Path to Receiving Sustenance “Without Reckoning”

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 3:42

Selected Exegesis

Harmony of the Verses

Personal and Relative Selection

The Purification of Mary (a.s.)

The Excellence of Mary (a.s.)

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 3:43

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

The Secret of Repeating “O Mary”

Mary’s (a.s.) Perpetual Obedience

Mary’s (a.s.) Prayer

The Secret of Prioritizing Prostration over Bowing

The Superiority of the Prostration Remembrance

Three Virtues and Three Acknowledgments

Verse 3:44

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Relationship Between Verses

The Expression “wa-mā kunta” (“and you were not”) in Important and Sensitive Matters

Denial of Normal Channels of Knowledge for Unseen News

Drawing Lots for the Guardianship of Mary (a.s.)

Guardianship, Lots, and Contention

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verses 3:45-46

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Harmony of the Verses

Characteristics of Jesus (a.s.)

The Miracle of Mary or Jesus (a.s.)

Subtleties and Allusions

A Study of the Narrations

Verse 3:47

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Direct or Indirect Addressee

The Reality of Mary’s (a.s.) Question

The Origin of Jesus and John’s (a.s.) Creation

The Difference Between the Creation of Jesus and John (a.s.)

The Meaning of “Be, and it is”

Addressing the Non-Existent

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verses 3:48-49

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Harmony of the Verses

The Meaning of "Book" and "Wisdom"

Fakhr Rāzī’s View on the Arrangement of Topics in the Verse

The Universal Mission of Christ (a.s.)

Miracles to Prove Messengership

The “Manifest” Signs

Manifestation of the Names: Creator, Form-Giver, and Life-Giver

The Creation by Christ from Two Perspectives: Wisdom and Knowledge

The Relationship between Christ’s Creation and the Verses of Challenge

The Connection of “By God’s Permission”

Initial and Restored Life

The Qualification “by God’s permission” Regarding All Miracles

The Validity of Attributing Reports of the Unseen to God

The Occurrence and Realization of Jesus’s Miracles (a.s.)

The Best Disputation

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verses 3:50-51

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Harmony of the Verses

Confirmation of the Torah Among the People

The Permanence of Religion and the Abrogation of Religious Law

The Mission of Jesus (a.s.)

Conveying God’s Speech as Commanded

The Manifestation of God’s Creative Power

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verses 3:52-53

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Harmony of the Verses

The Struggles of Christ (a.s.)

The Meaning of “ilā Allāh”

The Meaning of “Disciples” (Ḥawāriyyūn)

The Meaning of “We are helpers of God”

The Disciples’ Renewal of Covenant

The Disciples’ Supplication and Way of Life

Critique of the Theory of the Disciples Being Prophets

Subtleties and Allusions

Verse 3:54

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

The Opposition or Identity of Two Plots

The Divine Plot

The Words of Allāma al-Balāghī Regarding God’s Plot

The Secret of God Being the Best of Plotters

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 3:55

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Correlation of Verses

The Meaning and Types of Tawaffī

The Relationship Between Tawaffī and Raising

The Nature of Raising Jesus (a.s.)

The Purification of the Messiah (a.s.)

The Superiority of the Followers of the Messiah until the Day of Resurrection

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 3:59

Selected Exegesis

Harmony of the Verses

Comparing Jesus (a.s.) to Adam (a.s.)

The Reality of the Human Being

Stages of Development of Body and Spirit

The Origin of Adam and Eve and the Comparison of Jesus to Adam

Critique of al-Qurṭubī’s Statement Regarding Analogy

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 3:60

Selected Exegesis

Harmony of the Verses

God Being Pure Truth

Al-Mīzān’s Explanation of “The Truth from your Lord”

The Prophet’s (s.a.w.) Freedom from Doubt

Subtleties and Allusions

Verse 3:61

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Coherence of the Verses

The Invalid Arguments of the Christians

The Status of Mubāhala

The Scope of “Our Sons”

Identifying “Our Women”

The Referent of “Ourselves”

Ibn Taymiyya’s Objection Regarding “ourselves”

Fakhr al-Rāzī’s Judgment Regarding the Superiority of ʿAlī (a.s.)

Critique of Ālūsī’s Statement

Response to a Linguistic Objection

Miracle Through Prayer

An Answered Prayer

A Precise Deduction by ʿAllāma Ṭabāṭabāʾī from the Expression “al-kādhibīn” (the liars)

A Critique of ʿAllāma Ṭabāṭabāʾī’s Opinion

Three Other Points About “al-kādhibīn” (the liars)

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Endnotes

Part 2

Verse 4:157

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

The Exoneration of Mary and Confirmation of Jesus

Denial of the Messiah’s Killing and Crucifixion

The Christians’ Following of Conjecture and Doubt Concerning the Messiah

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 4:158

Selected Exegesis

The Final Destiny of Jesus

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations: The Evidence for the Messiah Being Alive

Verse 4:159

Selected Exegesis

The Relationship Between the Verses

The Faith of the People of the Book in Jesus the Messiah

The Reference of the Five Pronouns

The Testimony of Jesus in the Resurrection

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 4:171

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Relationship Between Verses

The Addressee of the Verse

The Prohibition of Excess in Religion and the Divinity of Jesus

The Word of God and Its Addressee and Listener

The Meaning of “From” in “and a Spirit from Him” (Wa-rūḥun Minhu)

The Incompatibility of Faith with Trinity Worship

The Absolute Ownership of God

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 4:172

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

The Harmony of the Verses

Refuting the Delusion of the Divinity of the Messiah and Angels

The Servitude of Exalted Angels

The Relationship Between the Station of the Messiah and the Rank of the Angels Brought Near

The Threat to Those Who Disdain and Act Arrogantly

A Discussion of the Narrations

Endnotes

Part 3

Verse 5:72

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Relationship Between Verses

The Belief in the Divinity of Jesus and Its Refutation

Proofs of Monotheism (Adillat al-Tawḥīd)

The Deprivation of the Polytheist from Paradise

The Polytheism and Oppression of the Jews

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verses 5:73–74

Selected Exegesis

The Correspondence of the Verses

Establishing Monotheism and Refuting Polytheism

The Sign of Doctrinal Disbelief

Critique of One Explanation of the Beginning of the Verse

The Meaning of “Third of Three”

A Clear Statement on Divine Unity

Eternal Destruction and the Touch of Torment

Encouragement to Repentance and Seeking Forgiveness

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 5:75

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Relationship of Verses

Proving Unity and Refuting the Trinity with Simple Proofs

Turning Away Again from Divine Knowledge

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 5:76

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Relationship of Verses

The Secret of the Futility of Worshipping Other Than God

The Ineffectiveness of False Deities

The Precedence of Harm over Benefit

Verse 5:77

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Relationship of Verses (Tanāsub-i Āyāt)

The Address “O People of the Book” (Yā Ahl al-Kitāb)

The Meaning of Excess (Ghuluww)

The Excess of the People of the Book in Religion

The Meaning of Illegitimate Excess

Prohibition of Following Desires and the Followers of Desires

The Intellectual Influence of the People of the Book from Atheists and Polytheists

Straying from the Straight Path

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 5:110

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Harmony of the Verses

The Setting of the Address

The Command to Remember Divine Blessings

Examples of Divine Support

The Wisdom of the Expression “Breathing” (nafkh), Rather Than “Breathing of the Spirit” (nafkh rūḥ):

The Obstinacy of Stubborn Disbelievers

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 5:111

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Harmony of the Verses

The Meaning of Revelation in the Verse

Renewal of Covenant in Times of Danger

The Meaning of the Disciples’ Faith

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 5:112

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Harmony of Verses

Explanation of the Disciples’ Request

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 5:113

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Harmony of the Verses

The Reasonable Objectives of the Disciples

Verse 5:114

Selected Commentary

Vocabulary

Harmony of the Verses

The Request of Christ After Divine Permission

Correcting the Deficiencies in the Disciples’ Request

Monotheistic Request

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 5:115

Selected Exegesis

Vocabulary

Harmony of the Verses

The Descent of the Heavenly Table

The Promise Accompanied by Threat

The Lack of Contradiction Between Divine Threat and Prophetic Infallibility

The Meaning of the Unparalleled Nature of the Punishment for Disbelievers

The Meaning of “all creation” (al-ʿālamīn)

Critique and Analysis

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 5:116

Selected Commentary

Vocabulary

Harmony of the Verses

The Secret of Expressing the Future with the Past Tense

Rhetorical Questioning and Rebuke of Christians

The Meaning of “Taking as God”

The Undeniability of the Essence of the Necessary Existent

The Indication of “Son” and “Mother” to the Negation of the Divinity of Christ and Mary

Logical Analysis of Jesus’s Answer

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 5:117

Selected Commentary

Vocabulary

Harmony of the Verses

Jesus’s Fourth Response to the Divine Question

The Death of Jesus

The Prophet’s Supervision in Implementing God’s Command

Negation of the Unseen in Relation to God

Witness in the Meaning of Observer

Allusions and Subtleties

Verse 5:118

Selected Commentary

Vocabulary

Harmony of the Verses

The Possibility of Forgiveness for Polytheists

The Difference Again Between Jesus’s Words and Abraham’s Prayer

Not Providing Reasons for God’s Actions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Verse 5:119

Selected Exegesis

Harmony of the Verses

The Universality of Truthfulness

The Manifestation of Truthfulness on the Day of Resurrection

The Material and Spiritual Rewards of the Truthful

Action, Attribute, and Essence Pleasing to God

The Meaning of the Truthful Ones’ Pleasure with God

The Great Success (fawz ʿaẓīm)

Subtleties and Allusions

A Discussion of the Narrations

Endnotes

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